Congestive heart failure, also known as heart failure, is a condition that occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood throughout the body. High blood pressure and the gradual development of coronary artery disease, cause the heart to pump blood inefficiently. When the heart cannot pump blood properly, blood will back up into the heart muscle causing congestion. Heart failure can be treated with lifestyle changes and medications reducing any further damage to the heart.
Causes of Congestive Heart Failure
Heart failure normally develops over a long period of time, but in some cases can develop suddenly. The most common cause of heart failure is coronary artery disease, which is a narrowing of the blood vessels that carry oxygen rich blood to the heart. Diseases such as diabetes, emphysema, lupus and severe anemia can contribute to heart failure. Abnormal heart rhythms may cause the heart to beat faster resulting in extra work for the heart.
Symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure
Symptoms for congestive heart failure may include coughing, difficulty breathing, swelling of the feet, ankles and legs, fatigue, feeling faint, indigestion and loss of appetite. Symptoms of emergency heart failure include severe shortness of breath, coughing up pink foam, rapid heart beat and chest pain. Medical attention should be sought immediately when these symptoms occur.
Diagnosis of Heart Failure
The doctor will listen for signs of congestion in the lungs and any abnormal heartbeat. Blood tests will check for specific chemical markers such as brain natriuretic peptide that cause heart failure. An x-ray will show an enlarged heart and fluid buildup in the lungs. An electrocardiogram measures electrical activity within the heart and may reveal abnormal heart rhythms. An echocardiogram produces images of the heart and reveals how well the heart is pumping.
Treatment for Heart Failure
Physical exams will be needed every three to six months to check heart function. Medications such as blood pressure and cholesterol lowering drugs may be prescribed. Diuretics may be recommended to reduce fluid retention. Smoking damages blood vessels and should be stopped. Restrict sodium intake to keep from retaining water and lose weight if you are overweight. Exercise daily and eat a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables. Discuss with your doctor any new diet or exercise routine.
Congestive heart failure can be treated when diagnosed early before major damage has occurred to the heart. It is important to be aware of your body and how it reacts to stress, exercise and the foods you consume.
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